Iyada oo korodhka joogtada ah ee baahida warshadaha, tignoolajiyada kala soocida hawada qoto-dheer ee cryogenic waxay noqotay mid ka mid ah tignoolajiyada aasaasiga ah ee berrinka wax soo saarka gaaska warshadaha. Qaybta kala-soocidda hawada qoto-dheer ee cryogenic waxay ku socodsiisaa hawada iyada oo loo marayo daawaynta qoto-dheer ee cryogenic, kala soocida qaybaha kala duwan ee hawada, oo ay ku jiraan oksijiinta dareeraha ah (LOX), nitrogen dareeraha (LIN), iyo dareeraha argon (LAR). Waxaa ka mid ah gaasaska, ogsijiin dareere ah iyo nitrogen dareere ah ayaa ah kuwa ugu baahida badan, waxaana si weyn looga isticmaalaa warshadaha sida biraha, injineernimada kiimikada, elektiroonigga, daawada, iyo cuntada. Maqaalkani wuxuu samayn doonaa falanqayn isbarbardhig ah oo ku saabsan wax soo saarka oksijiinta dareeraha ah iyo dareeraha nitrogen ee habka qoto dheer ee kala-soocidda hawada ee cryogenic, iyo sahaminta saameynta arrimo kala duwan ee wax soo saarka.
I. Dulmarka Tignoolajiyada Kala Saarida Hawada Cryogenic
Farsamada kala soocida hawada Cryogenic waa hab ku qaboojiya hawada heerkul aad u hooseeya (ka hooseeya qiyaastii -150°C) si loo dareeriyo. Habkan, qaybaha kala duwan ee gaaska hawada (sida ogsijiinta, nitrogen, argon, iwm.) ayaa kala soocaya sababtoo ah dhibcahooda karkaraya ee kala duwan ee heerkul kala duwan, sidaas awgeed la kala saaro. Mabda'a shaqada ee unugga kala soocida hawada cryogenic waa in la qaboojiyo hawada oo loo isticmaalo munaaradda jajabka ee kala-soocidda gaaska. Heerkulka dareeraha ee ogsijiinta iyo nitrogen waa -183 ° C iyo -196 ° C siday u kala horreeyaan. Soo saarista ogsijiinta dareeraha ah iyo nitrogen dareeraha ah waxay inta badan ku xidhan tahay heerka socodka hawada, hufnaanta qaboojinta, iyo xaaladaha hawlgalka munaaradda jajabka.
II. Farqiga u dhexeeya Soo saarista Ogsajiinta Dareereha ah iyo Nitrojiinka dareeraha ah
Kala duwanaanshaha soo saarida ogsijiinta dareeraha ah iyo nitrogen dareeraha ah waxaa inta badan lagu go'aamiyaa dhowr arrimood: Halabuurka hawada, cabbirrada hawlgalka, qaab dhismeedka munaaradda jajabka, iyo cabbirka wax soo saarka. Unugyada kala-soocidda hawada cryogenic, wax-soo-saarka oksijiinta iyo nitrogen waxaa badanaa lagu soo saaraa saami gaar ah. Guud ahaan, soo saarista ogsijiinta dareeraha ahi aad ayay uga yar tahay ta nitrogen dareeraha ah, laakiin baahida ogsijiinta dareeraha ah ayaa sidoo kale si joogto ah u kordheysa, gaar ahaan kuwa caafimaadka, dhalaalidda birta, iyo warshadaha kiimikada.
Baahida ogsijiinta dareeraha ah waxaa inta badan saameeya xoogga oksijiinta iyo baahida ogsijiinta ee codsiyada warshadaha qaarkood. Codsiyada warshadaha qaarkood, kororka feejignaanta oksijiinta ayaa si toos ah u horseedaysa kororka baahida oksijiinta dareeraha ah. Tusaale ahaan, tignoolajiyada kobcinta ogsajiinta ee warshadaha birta, hababka gubida ogsijiinta sare ee wax soo saarka dhalooyinka, iwm, dhamaantood waxay u baahan yihiin sahay ku filan oksijiinta dareeraha ah. Codsiga nitrogen dareeraha ah waa mid aad u baahsan, oo daboolaya caafimaadka, elektiroonigga, hawada hawada, iyo warshadaha kale. Warshadahan, nitrogen dareeraha ah ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa qaboojinta, kaydinta, iyo dareeraha gaaska nitrogen-ka dareeraha ah.
III. Waxyaabaha Saameynaya Soosaarka Ogsajiinta dareeraha ah iyo Nitrojiinka dareeraha ah
Soo saarista oksijiinta dareeraha ah iyo nitrogen dareeraha ah kaliya ma saameynayso baahida suuqa laakiin sidoo kale waxaa xaddiday hufnaanta hawleed ee unugga kala-soocidda hawada, heerka socodka hawada, iyo tignoolajiyada qaboojinta, iyo arrimo kale. Marka hore, heerka socodka hawadu waa mid ka mid ah qodobbada ugu muhiimsan ee saameeya soo saarista ogsijiinta dareeraha ah iyo nitrogen dareeraha ah. Markasta oo uu bato heerka socodka hawadu, way sii badanaysaa tirada guud ee oksijiinta dareeraha ah iyo nitrogen dareeraha ah ee la soo saaro. Marka labaad, waxtarka munaaradda jajabka ayaa sidoo kale aad muhiim ugu ah wax soo saarka. Waxyaabaha ay ka midka yihiin dhererka munaaradda jajabka, heerkulka shaqaynta, iyo saamiga gaaska reflux dhamaantood waxay saameeyaan waxtarka kala soocida ogsijiinta iyo nitrogen, taas oo saameynaysa wax soo saarka ugu dambeeya.
Naqshadeynta iyo waxtarka hawlgalka ee qalabka qaboojinta waxay si toos ah u saameeyaan kharashka hawlgalka iyo awoodda wax soo saarka ee qaybta kala-soocidda hawada cryogenic. Haddii waxtarka nidaamka qaboojinta uu hooseeyo, waxtarka dareeraha hawada ayaa si weyn loo dhimi doonaa, taas oo saameynaysa soo saarida oksijiinta dareeraha ah iyo nitrogen dareeraha ah. Sidaa darteed, tignoolajiyada sare ee qaboojinta iyo qalabka ayaa muhiimad weyn u leh hagaajinta awoodda wax soo saarka.
IV. Tallaabooyinka Wanaajinta ee Soo saarista Ogsajiinta Dareereyaasha ah iyo Nitrojiinka dareeraha ah
Si loo kordhiyo wax soo saarka ee ogsijiin dareere ah iyo nitrogen dareere ah, ganacsiyo badan ayaa tayayn xuduudaha hawlgalka unugga kala soocidda cryogenic si loo gaaro wax soo saarka hufan. Dhinaca kale, kordhinta heerka socodka hawada waxay kor u qaadi kartaa mugga wax soo saarka gaaska guud; dhanka kale, hagaajinta hufnaanta hawleed ee munaaradda jajabka, hagaajinta qaybinta heerkulka iyo cadaadiska gudaha munaaradda, waxay sidoo kale si wax ku ool ah u wanaajin kartaa wax ku oolnimada kala-soocidda dareeraha oksijiinta iyo dareeraha nitrogen. Intaa waxaa dheer, sanadihii la soo dhaafay, qalabka wax soo saarka oksijiinta dareeraha ah iyo dareeraha nitrogen ayaa qaatay tignoolajiyada qaboojinta oo aad u horumarsan, sida isticmaalka nidaamyada qaboojinta heerar badan, taas oo sii wanaajin karta waxtarka dareeraha iyo kor u qaadista wax soo saarka oksijiinta dareeraha ah iyo nitrogen dareeraha ah.
V. Baahida Suuqa ee Ogsajiinta dareeraha ah iyo Nitrogen dareeraha ah ee ka imanaya Kala-soocidda Hawada Cryogenic
Kala duwanaanshaha baahida suuqa ee oksijiinta dareeraha ah iyo nitrogen dareeraha ah ayaa ah mid ka mid ah qodobbada muhiimka ah ee isbarbardhigga wax soo saarka. Baahida loo qabo ogsijiinta dareeraha ah waxaa badanaa si weyn u saameeya warshado gaar ah, gaar ahaan kuwa dhalada birta, xaaladaha degdegga ah ee caafimaadka, iyo warshadaha wax soo saarka elektaroonigga ah, halkaas oo baahida ogsijiinta dareeraha ah ay tahay mid deggan oo sii kordheysa sannadba sanadka ka dambeeya. Tusaale ahaan, horumarinta joogtada ah ee warshadaha caafimaadka, adeegsiga oksijiinta dareeraha ah ee daaweynta degdegga ah, daawaynta, iyo qalliinnada ayaa si isa soo taraysa u fidaysa, taasoo horseedaysa kobaca baahida suuqa oksijiinta dareeraha ah. Isla mar ahaantaana, codsiga baahsan ee nitrogen dareeraha ah ee cuntada la qaboojiyey, gaadiidka gaasta dareeraha ah, iwm, ayaa sidoo kale horseeday koritaanka joogtada ah ee baahida nitrogen dareeraha ah.
Awoodda sahayda ee oksijiinta dareeraha ah iyo nitrogen dareeraha ah waxay si dhow ula xiriirtaa miisaanka qalabka iyo hufnaanta hawleed ee shirkadaha wax soo saarka. Unugyada kala soocida hawada ee qoto-dheer ee cryogenic waxay inta badan bixiyaan awood wax soo saar sare, laakiin waxay sidoo kale u baahan yihiin isticmaalka tamar sare iyo dayactirka qalabka adag. Dhanka kale, qalabka yar yar wuxuu leeyahay faa'iidooyin dabacsanaan iyo xakameynta kharashka, wuxuuna ku siin karaa sahayda waqtigeeda qaar ka mid ah codsiyada warshadaha yaryar.
Laga soo bilaabo falanqaynta isbarbardhigga ee kor ku xusan, waxaa la arki karaa in wax soo saarka oksijiinta dareeraha ah iyo nitrogen dareeraha ah ee habka qoto dheer ee kala-soocidda hawada ee cryogenic ay saameeyaan arrimo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan heerka socodka hawada, waxtarka hawlgalka ee munaaradda jajabka, iyo heerka farsamada ee nidaamka qaboojinta. In kasta oo soo saarista ogsijiin dareeraha ah iyo nitrogen dareeraha ah ay inta badan muujiso xidhiidh saami-qaybsi gaar ah, baahida suuqa, hufnaanta wax-soo-saarka, iyo horumarinta joogtada ah ee tignoolajiyada qalabka ayaa weli siinaya meel ballaadhan oo loogu talagalay hagaajinta wax-soo-saarka labadan gaas.
Iyada oo horumarinta warshadaha iyo horumarka tignoolajiyada, tignoolajiyada kala soocida hawada qoto dheer ee cryogenic ayaa la filayaa in lagu gaaro awoodda wax soo saarka sare iyo isticmaalka tamarta hoose ee mustaqbalka. Sida laba gaas oo warshadeed oo muhiim ah, rajada suuqa ee ogsijiinta dareeraha ah iyo nitrogen dareeraha ah ayaa weli ah mid ballaadhan. Iyada oo loo marayo horumarinta tignoolajiyada joogtada ah iyo korodhka waxtarka wax-soo-saarka, awoodda wax-soo-saarka ee oksijiinta dareeraha ah iyo nitrogen dareeraha ah waxay noqon doontaa mid aad u badan oo la jaan qaada baahida suuqa, iyada oo siinaya gaas xasilloon oo hufan dhammaan warshadaha.
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Email :anna.chou@hznuzhuo.com
Waqtiga boostada: Jul-21-2025